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Flight Instructor · Phase 2 · Lesson 11

The National Airspace System

AI.II.G61.185(a)(2)Ground 1.0 hr · Dual 0 hr

FAA references verified 2026-08-13 · v1.0, 2026-08-13

Aircraft

Objective

The candidate teaches airspace from a current chart, to a student who has to be able to use it, rather than from a memorized table.

Ground: 1.0 hr  |  Dual: 0 hr

Lesson steps: the elements, in teaching order

Check each element as it is taught. Leave anything not done blank. Sign and date once at the bottom.

Element 6 is the difference between this lesson and a knowledge test review. The table of cloud clearances is not the teaching problem. The teaching problem is that a student at 3,000 ft approaching a shelf has to make a decision in about forty seconds.

Schedule

BlockMinutes
Airspace classes and their requirements, element 115
Chart symbols on a live sectional, element 210
Special use airspace, TFRs, SFRAs, element 310
Publication currency and special VFR, elements 4 and 510
Teaching airspace usably, element 65
Candidate teaches, element 710
Critique and debrief0
Total60 minutes, 1.0 hours

Critique runs inside the final block.

Equipment

Instructor: a current sectional and terminal area chart for this area. Live eCFR. Current Chart Supplement. FAA-S-ACS-25 at AI.II.G.

Candidate: preparation deliverable, their own current sectional.

Capture

Taught Ground Lesson: yes Meeting title convention: CFI Ground Lesson - L11 National Airspace System - <YYYY-MM-DD> Participants: each on their own device, headset, Workspace account Candidate reads their own Session Transcript before the instructor's review Coverage maps to: AI.II.G Fallback if capture fails: instructor attests from contemporaneous notes; the lesson is not lost and is not re-taught for the sake of a recording

Instructor actions

  1. Teach from the chart on the table, never from a reproduced table. This lesson is the clearest case of US-4.2 in phase 2 and modelling it matters.
  2. Check the chart's own currency date out loud at the start, as element 4 in practice.
  3. Simulated Student role. A student who has memorized the cloud clearance table and cannot apply it. Ask: "so can I go?" about a specific point on the chart, twice, with different answers.
  4. Assign the airspace class for element 7 at the start of the lesson.
  5. Critique against standards/CRITIQUE-STANDARD.md.

Regulation and North Aero policy

ItemWhich
Cloud clearance and visibility minimumsRegulation, 91.155
Class D, C, B entry requirementsRegulation, 91.129 to 91.131
Special VFRRegulation, 91.157
North Aero's own minimums for student solo flightsSchool policy, stricter than the regulation
North Aero's rule on TFR checking before every flightSchool policy

Student actions

  1. Arrive with the deliverable.
  2. Teach an assigned airspace class using the chart.
  3. Answer "can I go?" for two specific chart positions, correctly, showing the working.
  4. Self-critique first.

Completion standards

Identical wording in the study guide.

  1. The candidate teaches an assigned airspace class to the Simulated Student using a current chart, not a table, for about ten minutes.
  2. The candidate answers "can I go?" for two specific positions on the chart, correctly, and shows how they reached it rather than stating the answer.
  3. The candidate identifies the chart's currency date and says what they would do if it were expired.
  4. The candidate teaches a method a student could use in flight, in under a minute, rather than a table to memorize.
  5. The candidate names one North Aero airspace policy that is stricter than the regulation, and says which is which.
  6. The candidate delivers a self-critique before hearing the instructor's.

Common errors

ErrorInstructor response
Teaching the cloud clearance table as the subjectStandard 4. Ask how a student uses a table at 110 knots
Reproducing a table on the whiteboard instead of opening the chartUS-4.2. Hand them the chart
Not checking chart currencyElement 4, and it is a habit a student inherits
Confusing Class E surface areas with Class E starting at 700 or 1,200 ftPoint at all three on the chart
Teaching special VFR as a normal optionIt is a request, and there is a judgment attached
Forgetting TFRs are not on a printed chart at allElement 3
Cannot say which North Aero minimums are policyStandard 5

Intervention threshold

Not applicable. Ground lesson.

Student preparation

Verbatim in the study guide.

Read:

  • FAA-S-ACS-25, Area of Operation II, Task G.
  • From live eCFR: 91.155, and 91.126 through 91.135.
  • FAA-H-8083-25C, the airspace chapter, plus the October 2025 addendum.

Bring: a current sectional chart for this area. Not a printout of one, and not last cycle's.

Deliverable: Pick three points on your sectional, in three different airspace classes. For each, write the airspace, the floor and ceiling, the entry requirement, and the VFR weather minimums. Cite the section for each requirement.

Second deliverable. Write the ground lesson you would teach on the National Airspace System, to the template in standards/LESSON-PLAN-TEMPLATE.md, in your own words. This is one of your seventeen P3 plans, covering the airspace cluster. Bring it on paper.

The sectional work above is the answer. The plan is how you get somebody else to that answer without doing it for them.

Worked example

Needed and not yet available: a real North Aero flight where an airspace decision had to be made in the air. Owner: Erick. Until supplied, use the two chart positions in element 7 as the worked example and pick real points a North Aero student actually flies past.

Video Slots

None. This lesson teaches no maneuver.

This lesson is complete and deliverable whether or not its Video Slots are filled. It has none.

Assessment notes

The candidate knows this material. Grade whether a student could act on what they taught.

Tracker Status set by the instructor, named, dated.

Definition of done

  • Traces to a story. US-4.1, US-4.2
  • Carries ACS tasks and Part 61 references
  • Completion standards are observable behavior, and the standard is a taught presentation
  • Common errors listed
  • Intervention threshold: not applicable, ground lesson, reason given
  • Student preparation named, in the student half
  • FAA references verified current, 2026-08-13
  • Passes the design system check
  • Appears in the program structure and coverage matrix, hours reconciling
  • Both halves exist
  • Video Slots: none, and the lesson says so
  • Vocabulary matches CONTEXT.md
  • No em dashes, no POH performance numbers, no pricing
  • Points at live publications rather than reproducing them (US-4.2)
  • Regulation distinguished from school policy explicitly (US-3.4)
  • Carries the Epic 12 capture hooks

Debrief and sign-off

Sign once for the whole lesson. Elements left unchecked above were not taught this session.

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